I'll pitch in and say Bear & Chris are right on! As Bear relates the total package - Engine through drivetrain - Example: Comp Eliminator powerglide transmission... lightened planetary, roller bearings, not to mention the plethora of torque converter designs, etc. Rear end - lightened ring gears, rifle drilled axles - use of lower drag housings such as the 12 bolt Chevy drop in for a 9" Ford Case. The 9" drop in case is strong and easy to change gear ratios and service by easy removal, but the 12 bolt has a higher efficiency due to the intersection point of the pinion with the ring gear... so aftermarkets came up with the 12 bolt gear set in a pumpkin to drop in a 9 bolt housing.
Hmm... now how does that relate to my jet?
P.S. - Chris, I had a dirt track customer last year that his primary goals was not that of peak power. He desired a decent base tuneup, but then wanted to know the effects of timing changes on power output and restrictor spacers on power output so that he had a correlation of where to go when he needed to vary the power for track conditions..... ie... flat foot it and drive!